The study of the causes of crime became possible after a considerable amount of material in the form of reports of criminal statistics in the various states, and after the birth of already known to us, the so-called new directions in the science of criminal law, ie, anthropological and sociological schools. But if in the old days, according to the common belief about the cause of crime lay in the ill-will of the criminal, then there were other views expressed by some brilliant minds in the distant past. Plato, Plutarch, Aristotle and others expressed different thoughts that crime has its own reasons is the ill will of man. Some researchers are enrolling these writers even among the predecessors of the "new directions". However, one must admit that the question about the causes of crime was raised by Plato and other writers of the ancient world and the Middle Ages, even superficially. The first person with amazing fullness of the time figured out the connection between social conditions and crime, was the beginning of XVI century writer Thomas More in his political novel "Utopia." He saw the main causes of crime in the existence of a class of so-called rich and noble, surrounded by numerous servants and living contentedly next to the poverty of the masses. Until there is no wealthy class — said Mohr — will not disappear, and crime, and drew a picture of a non-existent state, where gold and silver have no value. where is the total working life, where there is idle, and the crimes are rare exceptions. Thoughts Mora were seen in one form or another expressed a number of subsequent writers. Unfortunately, it was not criminologists, who up until the seventies of the XIX century continued to be interested in more penalties than the causes of crime. Many of the most distinguished followers Mora Campanella with his communist novel 1620 "Sun City" and the priest Mellier (died 1733) , who saw the cause of all misery in the land, and including the crimes of the right of private property, Montesquieu, Rousseau , Beccaria, Bentham, Brissot de Varvil, Godwin, Owen, Cabet, Saint-Simon et al [1] The purpose of this test is to define the concept of the causes of crime.
